Thursday, September 20, 2018

What's New Woolly Bully? New teachers, students, resources to track the Hemlock Woolly Adelgid



Harvard Forest Ecologist, David Orwig has begun his 15th year of training teachers to bring their students outside their schools to help contribute to tracking a giant tree killer.
That is a tiny insect that can bring down giant Hemlock trees. 


 
Dr. Orwig shows  Mass. Audubon Educator Kristen Steinmetz and Innovation Academy Charter School teacher Katharine Hinkle how to identify the white covered eggs sacs that the invasive
Hemlock Woolly Adelgid produces.  The covering is a wool-like substance that give the insect its name.   Teachers used hand lenses to view the insect in the field.

 

Dr. Orwig shows teachers the field sheets he has been using to track the populations of Woolly Adelgid on trees right outside Shaler Hall at Harvard Forest.  Teachers learned how to mark study branches with flagging tape and how to collect and report the data for this citizen science project.

 

Teachers were able to view the Adelgid under a microscope to see it much more clearly.  Dr. Orwig reviewed the life cycle of this unusual organism.


 J.R. Briggs Elementary teacher, right, shared her 13 years of experience leading this field study with teachers who will begin this study for the first time this season.   Tara DiGiovanni from the Greenfield Middle School is one of the many teachers who have been supported by Kate's mentoring through the years.


 

Teachers were able to see the impact the woolly Adelgid has had on a variety of Eastern Hemlock Trees at Harvard Forest, both in a landscaped area near Shaler Hall and in a Hemlock dominated forest stand.


Looking at annual growth scars to see how  much growth occurred this past year. 


Teachers practiced measuring new growth so they can go back to their schools and train
students how to collect and report data according to the scientific protocol for the Woolly Bully and the Hemlock Tree Schoolyard Ecology project.  Their data will later be shared online using the HF Schoolyard Online Database.

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Project Connections with Next Generation Science (NGSS)  


NGSS Core Discipline: Life Science:

LS1: From Molecules to Organisms: Structures and Processes

Develop a model to describe the movement of matter among plants, animals, decomposers, and the environment

  • Elementary School (3-5) 
Reproduction is essential to the continued existence of every kind of organism. Plants and animals have unique and diverse life cycles.
  • Middle School (6-8)
Organisms reproduce, either sexually or asexually, and transfer their genetic information to their offspring.
Animals engage in characteristic behaviors that increase the odds of reproduction.
Plants reproduce in a variety of ways, sometimes depending on animal behavior and specialized features for reproduction.
Genetic factors as well as local conditions affect the growth of the adult plant.

Elementary School

NGSS Standard LS2-1


Middle School

  • Construct an explanation that predicts patterns of interactions among organisms across multiple ecosystems.
  • Next Generation Science Standard: MS-LS2-5. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services.

High School

  • Design, evaluate, and refine a solution for reducing the impacts of human activities on the environment and biodiversity.
  • Science and Engineering Practices

The practices describe behaviors that scientists engage in as they investigate and build models and theories about the natural world and the key set of engineering practices that engineers use as they design and build models and systems. The NRC uses the term practices instead of a term like “skills” to emphasize that engaging in scientific investigation requires not only skill but also knowledge that is specific to each practice.
Scientists and engineers plan and carry out investigations in the field or laboratory, working collaboratively as well as individually. Their investigations are systematic and require clarifying what counts as data and identifying variables or parameters.
Scientific investigations produce data that must be analyzed in order to derive meaning. Because data patterns and trends are not always obvious, scientists use a range of tools—including tabulation, graphical interpretation, visualization, and statistical analysis—to identify the significant features and patterns in the data. Scientists identify sources of error in the investigations and calculate the degree of certainty in the results. Modern technology makes the collection of large data sets much easier, providing secondary sources for analysis.
In both science and engineering, mathematics and computation are fundamental tools for representing physical variables and their relationships. They are used for a range of tasks such as constructing simulations; statistically analyzing data; and recognizing, expressing, and applying quantitative relationships.